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Fes, Morocco

Fes is the cultural heart of Morocco, a city where centuries of craft and tradition are revealed in the lively souks, lavish riads and Islamic monuments of the ancient medina.

Fes, Morocco

Fes is an ancient city and the cultural heart of Morocco. Centuries of craft and tradition continue in the souks as artisans shape metal, dye leather, weave carpets and haggle with curious customers. Picturesque mosques, soaring minarets and madrassas rise above maze-like alleyways that weave through the sprawling medina. Historical museums recount its place in Moroccan history while the royal palace emphasizes its continued influence. Luxurious riads offer a calming retreat from the bustle of the city that continues to attract worldly travelers.

Fes el Bali (The Old Medina)

Fes el Bali is the historic medina at the heart of Fes. It’s a living labyrinth of narrow alleys and hilly paths that overwhelm the senses. Quiet mornings and empty streets transition into bustling souks teeming with artisan goods. Throngs of people press through as vespas part crowds and stray cats slip through shadows. The call to prayer echoes from towering minarets. Islamic monuments, tiled fountains and medieval architecture layer the medina in history and intricate patterns. Wooden beams stretch between structures as if holding one another upright. Centuries-old doors open into hidden riads while dark passageways lead through ancient buildings like subterranean tunnels. The best way to truly experience the medina is to get lost within it.

Fes El-Jedid. Established in the 17th century around the royal palace and gardens, the “new medina” is a largely residential area of Fez. It combines narrow alleyways with wider commercial streets, local souks and scattered artisan shops. It offers a quieter glimpse into daily life and Moroccan traditions.

Souks & Markets

Souks, traditional Moroccan markets, weave through the medina in bustling alleyways of shops and vendors. They’re a wonderful place to experience Moroccan culture! They brim with vibrant colors, fragrant scents and lively sounds of haggling customers. Stalls overflow with aromatic goods like spices, teas and perfumes while others showcase artisan crafts like Berber carpets, brass lamps and leather goods.

Rue Talaa Kebira. A lengthy souk street meandering through the center of the old medina. Beginning near the Al Attarine Madrasa, it climbs uphill toward Bab Boujloud. The souk’s rich tapestry of artisans and vendors display Moroccan home decor such as rugs, poufs and brass lanterns. Merchants and customers haggle over leather goods, scarves and jewelry. Spice shops, small cafes and unassuming eateries add local flavors to the mix. A farmers market provides locals with fresh produce, meats and grains. Narrow alleyways continually branch off, leading deeper into the medina. Visit the souk street of Rue Talaa Sghira for a similar experience.

Souk Seffarine. A metalworking souk centered around a small plaza in the old medina. The rhythm of sharp clangs echo throughout the air as artisans hammer copper disks into dishes to cook Moroccan pastilla. Metalworkers labor in the open plaza and inside cluttered studios while shopkeepers display copper tagines, teapots, brass lamps, antiques and a variety of goods.

Souk Nejjarine. A small woodworking souk in the plaza outside of the Nejjarine Museum. Artisans chisel away at blocks of wood, whittle figurines and spin lathes to create decorative boxes, berber locks and ornate reliefs.

The Anou Cooperative. A cooperative uniting female weavers from communities across Morocco. It allows them to sell their work directly rather than through souk wholesalers, supporting their livelihoods and preserving traditional craft. The studio offers artisan led workshops and weaving residencies, including a half day workshop where we learned to hand knot our own miniature rugs. A small showroom displays unique rugs, hand dyed yarns and other woven items. Custom items can be ordered through their Online Shop.

Sights & Museums

Nejjarine Museum. A museum showcasing Morocco’s wooden craftsmanship. Housed in a restored wooden building, three floors of galleries focus on a different aspects of woodworking. Exhibits display Moroccan wood species, woodworking tools, home decor, musical instruments and architectural elements.

Tanneries de Fes. A historic tannery that offers a vivid glimpse into traditional Moroccan leather making. A series of layered vats filled with chemical solutions and dyes sprawls across the tannery. The air is pungent but manageable. Stacks of cow, goat, camel and sheep skins wait to be processed. Wooden water wheels tumble and wash hides as workers soften them with wooden mallets and dry treated pieces on covered racks. The process can be observed from surrounding rooftops. Finished leather goods are sold in nearby shops and souks.

Getting Here. Walk through a passageway on the left side of the Nejjarine Museum. There is a leather goods shop with rooftop views of the tanneries. They allow free access in exchange for perusing their products.

Nejjarine Museum Rooftop. The rooftop of the Nejjarine Museumoffers panoramic views of the medina while woodworking artisans display their craft in the plaza below. There is a small cafe up here serving coffees and Moroccan teas.

Al Attarine Madrasa. A remarkably ornate 14th century university located in the old medina. At its heart lies an open air courtyard layered with intricately styled plasterwork, finely carved wooden features and multi colored geometric tiles. Floors of private study rooms surround it, creating a space that blends Islamic scholarship and craftsmanship.

Pro Tip. Arrive at 10am when it opens before large tour groups arrive.

Al Quaraouiyine. A massive mosque and madrasa home to the world’s oldest university, founded in 859 CE. Non Muslims can admire its exquisite courtyard through the arched wooden doors. The mosque’s distinctive green tiled roof and minaret are visible from the nearby Al Attarine Madrasa.

Tomb of Moulay Idriss. An ornate 8th century tomb, dedicated to the founder of Fes. Its interior is reserved for Muslims while the exterior can be viewed by all. Its facade is decorated with elaborate plasterwork, intricately arranged tiles and gold painted designs. Vendors line the street surrounding it, offering sand brewed spice coffee and sweet nougats.

Dar Batha Museum. Housed in a former royal palace, this historical museum showcases artifacts distinct to Moroccan craftsmanship, scientific advancements and cultural identity. Exhibits include early Quranic calligraphy, architectural elements from Fes’ first mosques and the art of Zellige tilework. Other galleries feature objects like woven rugs, textiles, pottery, jewelry and weaponry, highlight sciences like geometry, astronomy and horology and the role of water and light in designing tiled fountains and intricate brass lamps.

Jnan Sbil. A city park located between the new and old medinas. Its shaded walkways, sputtering fountains and alley of towering palm trees attract locals and lost tourists looking for a quiet escape from the chaos of the souks.

Fes Ancient Wall. The medina of Fes is surrounded by an ancient stone wall with several ornately tiled and arched gates. Outer walls and fortresses provided additional layers of protection during the medieval period.

Bab Boujeloud. A beautifully tiled arched gate marking a main entrance to the old medina. Its exterior side is clad in ornate blue tiles and the interior in green. The lively street beyond is lined with shops, restaurants, and tea houses, opening onto a large plaza outside.
Borj Nord Lookout Point. A defensive fortress built beyond the medina’s walls. It houses an arms museum displaying historic weapons and armor. Its elevated position, along with nearby cliffside lookouts, offer expansive views over the city and surrounding countryside.

Places to Eat & Drink

Restaurant Dar Khabya Original. Hidden within the edge of the souks, a small and unassuming restaurant with some of the tastiest Moroccan cuisine, including vegetarian options like pastilla, tagine and fruit juices. Prices are inexpensive and portions are generous.

Cafe Clock. An alleyway coffee shop with a terrace overlooking a neighboring minaret and the rooftops of Fes. Come here for Moroccan coffees, cookies and local dishes.

Cofee Kortoba El Karaouine. A street-side bakery with freshly made trays of Moroccan patisserie like Gazelle Horns, crescent shaped pastries filled with almond paste, or Ghriba, crumbly almond cookies.

Moroccan Cuisine

Tagine. A mixture of vegetables, meats, dried fruits and spices stewed together in a conical clay dish. It’s a staple dishes of Moroccan cuisine.

Couscous. A steamed grain covered in a savory broth and garnished with vegetables and meats.

Harira. A Moroccan soup made from tomatoes, chickpeas, fresh herb and aromatic spices. It’s typically vegetarian.

Khobs Bread. A light and airy flatbread served with every meal. It’s fresh baked daily and can be bought from for 1 DH from local bakeries.

Msemmen. A flaky and layered pan fried flat bread often eaten at breakfast with honey. It’s commonly cooked by street vendors on flat top griddles.

Sfenj (Moroccan Donuts). Yeasty rings of fried dough heavily coated in plain sugar. They’re a common street food snack and usually paired with a tiny cup of coffee.

Mint Tea. Hot tea made with fresh mint leaves and sugar cubes. It’s served as a common welcome drink.

Fresh Squeezed Juice. Juices are commonly drank across Morocco. Try fresh squeed orange, pomegranate or sugar cane from a street side juice cart.

Moroccan Orange Soda. Orange is one of the most popular flavors in Morocco. Try a Moroccan orange soda like Orangina or Hawai.

Stay in a Riad

Fes is famed for its elaborate Riads, traditional Moroccan guest houses. They offer tranquil places to stay within the heart of the chaotic medina.

Riad in Old Fes Place Seffarine. A maze of narrow alleyways leads through the souks to this hidden gem in the medina. Its door opens up to an elaborate courtyard decorated in Moroccan tiles, exquisite plasterwork and carved wooden panels. A tiled stairways leads to tiny seating areas and a rooftop with panoramic views of Fes. Grand suites fit the sultans of old provide travelers with a luxurious Moroccan experience. We booked our stay 6 months in advance on Airbnb.

Getting Around

On Foot. Fes and its medina are best explored on foot. The maze of winding streets and narrow alleyways offers a true glimpse into the history of the city. While the medina is large and hilly, most walkways are covered, providing welcome shade from the hot sun. You don’t need a guide; expect to get lost, turned around and come to dead ends. Navigating gets easier after the first day.

Good to Know. Ignore people trying to offer directions. They may ask where you’re going, tell you a road or place is closed, try leading you into a shop or ask for a tip.

Petit Taxi. Small red taxis are present throughout the city. They’re safe, affordable and quick when getting around. Hail one off the street or near a gate to the medina. Fares cost between 10-20 Dirham for short distances and up to 100 Dirham between the medina and airport. Always confirm price and destination before getting in. Petit taxis are shared so drivers may stop to pick up other passengers along the route.

Arabic Words & Phrases

Knowing a few worlds and phases in Arabic goes a long way in Moroccan when interacting with locals. Some of the most common and easy to remember are:

Hello = Salama
Goodbye = Beslama
Thank you = Shukran
You’re welcome = Marhaba

Good to Know

When to Visit. September is the best month of the year to visit Morocco. It’s just before peak travel season with hot to moderate temperatures.

Language. Arabic, French and English are commonly spoken by many people, seen on signage and menus.

Cash vs Card. Cash is preferred and often only accepted method of payment at many businesses. Confirm before ordering at restaurants or agreeing to services.

Safety. The medina is a generally safe destination to visit. Be aware of your surrounding and keep hold of personal belonging to avoid pick pocketing.

Dress Conservatively. Don’t show too much skin, try to cover most tattoos and remove piercing.

Berber Hospitality. Shopkeepers often offer mint tea when visiting their shops, it’s respectful to accept.

Drinking Water. Tap water is not safe for consumption or cooking with in Morocco. Only use bottled water.

Alcohol. The sale of alcohol is heavily controlled throughout the country. Very few establishments serve cocktails, beer or wine in Fes.

Slow Mornings. Mornings in Fes are slow. Most businesses and shops don’t open until at least 10am.

Friday Closures. Friday is a day of prayer and rest in Islam. The city is quieter than other days. Many shops, restaurants and businesses are closed during this time.

Elsewhere in Morocco

We spent a little over three weeks traveling across Morocco, experiencing so much of the country’s culture, cuisine and history. Drive across the Atlas Mountains to the Sahara Desert, making stops at palm oases and crumbing Kasbahs on a Moroccan Roadtrip. Get lost in the chaotic alleyways, spice markets and souks of Marrakesh. Wander the azure streets and hillside of The Blue City, Chefchaouen. Enjoy the coastal atmosphere and influences of in Casablanca.

For Next Time…

Morocco is a beautiful destination with historic cities, scenic landscapes and cultural allure. We have a shortlist of places to visit when we return.

Meknes. An ancient city at the heart of Morocco’s wine producing region. Its nearby vineyards offer tours, tastings and wine pairings.

Volubilis. An ancient Roman city with well preserved ruins and mosaics from the former empire.

Essaouira. A port city on the Atlantic with a picturesque medina, coastal ramparts and fresh seafood restaurants.

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Marrakech, Morocco

Marrakech is an intoxicating destination, both chaotic and charming. Maze-like alleyways weave through the walled medina and bustling souks, depicting Moroccan culture.

Marrakech, Morocco

Marrakech is an intoxicating destination, both chaotic and charming. Maze-like alleyways wind through the walled medina, past historic buildings adorned with intricate architectural details. Bustling souks brim with artisans and colorful displays of rugs, luminous brass lamps, vivid spices and Moroccan sweets. Narrow streets open to lively plazas filled with performers and vendors, as the scents of mint tea and tagines drift through the air.

The Medina

The medina is the historic center of Marrakech. Arched gates lead into a maze of winding alleys and shadowed passageways. Warm sandstone building line cobblestone streets, their adobe facades softened by time. Ornate wooden doors and intricate archways lead to Islamic landmarks. Roadside stalls overflow with vegetables and spices as donkey carts rattle past. Crowds move through bustling souks, haggling with shopkeepers, while restaurants and cafes compete for attention. Riads provide calm retreats from the chaos and heat while rooftop terraces offer sweeping views of the ancient city and its towering minarets.

Bab Doukkala. Daily life unfolds in this traditional corner of the medina. Small souks and street vendors cater to local needs. Intimate tea houses and neighborhood restaurants bring together locals and tourists. Side streets branch into alleyways and dead ends, often revealing the calm rhythm within the maze.

Mellah. The old Jewish quarter offers a glimpse into everyday life. Shaded arcades support lively souks while side streets lead to quiet residential areas. The scent of warm baked breads drifts from bakeries. Visible signs of earthquake damage and ongoing repairs mark the resilience and enduring character of the neighborhood.

Souks & Markets

Souk Semmarine. A sprawling souk and the largest in Marrakech. Its vibrant tapestry of Moroccan goods draws multitudes of visitors. Shopkeepers swing open large wooden doors to reveal dazzling displays. Berber vendors sell patterned rugs, colorful poufs and fuzzy pillows alongside linen scarves, leather goods and vivid paintings. Hammered brass lamps shimmer alongside copper tea pots, inlaid wooden boxes, clay tagines and ceramics. Bins overflow with herbal teas, spices, dates, snack mixes and pastries. Alleys of vendors branch off from this bustling souk while its main passageway leads visitors to the famed Jemaa el-Fnaa Square.

Places des Epices. A bustling plaza lined with merchants selling pyramids of ground spices, jars of herbs, dried flowers, teas and perfumes. Shopkeepers invite customers to taste and smell samples of their products then haggle over price. Souk vendors fill the center of the plaza with Moroccan rugs, stacked poufs, wicker baskets and colorful decor. Cafes serving Berber tea and spiced coffee surround the plaza offering rooftop and street side seating.

Souk des Tapis. A large market showcasing Moroccan and Berber carpets. Stacks of folded rugs rise from floor to ceiling of showrooms while large pieces are displayed on walls. Each rug is unique, ranging from traditional to modern weaves and vintage designs. Vendors guide visitors through their shop and nearby warehouses, offering mint tea as they unfurl multiple rugs. After viewing a dozen designs, it’s time to narrow choices and haggle or thank the vendor and leave.

Roadside Markets. Locals buy groceries from small roadside markets and stands. Baskets brim with fresh vegetables, fruits, herbs and eggs. Butchers display meat on hooks or tabletops. Drums hold pickled olives, flours and grains like lentils, couscous and beans. Prices are refreshingly fair; no haggling required. Small convenience stores called Hanouts, are best for dairy, beverages and everyday essentials

Tips for Haggling:

Engage with locals. Most are genuinely friendly.
Haggling is expected and part of the culture.
Prices start high. Never accept the first price.
Offer one quarter of the asking price and aim to pay no more than half.
Be ready to walk away after your “last final” offer; vendors often reconsider.
Walk away if not interested or uncomfortable.
Only haggle if you’re serious about purchasing.

Sights & Museums

Madrasa Ben Youssef. A 14th century Islamic school famed for its sophisticated design and intricate details. Its central courtyard is one of the finest examples of Moroccan architectural style. Kaleidoscopic tiles, chiseled plaster and carved wooden elements define the space. Zellige patterns and Quranic text adorn its many surfaces. White marble floors surround a tiled reflecting pool. Arched windows lookout from the second floor where dozens of private study rooms line hallways and interior light wells.

Pro Tip. Arrive at opening to see the courtyard with the fewest visitors.

Almoravid Koubba. A 12th century mosque and the oldest surviving structure in the medina. A small domed tower stands within an excavated pit surrounded by stone ruins. It’s off-limits to non-Muslims but viewable from beyond a gated perimeter.

Koutoubia Mosque. A historic mosque with the tallest minaret in the medina. The existing building and surrounding ruins date back to the 12th century. Its sandstone and tan brick facade feature Moorish arches and minimal ornamentation distinctive of the period. The mosque is off limits to non-Muslims but viewable from the outside. A large park with lush palm gardens, shaded walkways, fountains and benches encompass it.

Marrakech Museum. A former palace converted into a Moroccan art and history museum. Small galleries house historic artifacts including clothing, pottery, jewelry and furniture. Contemporary artwork and photographs depict Marrakech, the Atlas Mountains and the local people. Through its interiors, visitors can admire the former palace’s architectural features and intricate designs.

Bahia Palace. A 19th century palace renowned for its stylized rooms, expansive courtyards and elaborate craftsmanship. It’s regarded as one of the best examples of Moroccan architecture. Its interior halls and chambers are decorated with intricately carved woodwork and plaster designs. Brass chandeliers hang from meticulously painted ceilings. Finely tiled surfaced cover columns, fireplaces and floors. The palace was heavy damaged by the earthquake but remains open during restoration.

Badi Palace. A 16th century palace characterized by its crumbling ruins, stone walls and vast courtyard. Underground tunnels lead to exposed ruins of guest quarters. Pitted sandstone walls with Arabesque arches surround the courtyard. Emptied pools reveal mosaic tiled floors while citrus trees grow from gardens in its four quadrants. Galleries display photographs of old Marrakech and artifacts discovered during the palace’s excavation, including tools, pottery, coins and scrolls.

Saadian Tombs. A mausoleum containing the tombs of a former sultan and many of his family members. The tombs are treasured for their Moorish design, white marble chambers, Zellij tile work and delicate plaster details. They were heavily damaged during the 2023 earthquake and closed for viewing. Their Moorish exterior and the adjacent mosque are still while undergoing restoration.

Walls of Marrakech. The medina is surrounded by a series of protective walls and arched gates that allow movement in and out of the old city. It spans nearly 22km with sections reaching over 10 meters high.

Bab el Raha. A pristine section of wall is marked by one of the medina’s most imposing entrances, where twin octagonal towers flank an arched stone gate.
Bab Agnaou. A 12th century archway featuring an ornately carved grey stone facade. It was used as the main entrance to the Badi Palace within the medina.

Le Jardin Majorelle. A famed botanical garden featuring a collection of cacti and dry palms from around the world. Red painted pathways lead through the garden past small reflecting pools and lily ponds to a historic blue villa. The richly painted house is accented with Moroccan designs and houses a Berber craft museum. Its galleries are curated with artifacts from tribes across the Atlas Mountains including jewelry, clothing, pottery, tools and weapons. No photos are allowed inside.

Pro Tip. Reserve 9am tickets a couple weeks in advance to avoid the crowds.

Jemaa El-Fnaa Square. A vast plaza known for its street performers, food stalls and rooftop terraces. Its energy shifts dramatically from day to night. Juice carts, henna artists and ethically questionable street performers with live animals buzz about the square by day. As evening falls, the spectacle gives way to rows of food stands serving grilled kebabs and sizzling tagines. Hype men lure diners though most stalls offer identical dishes at similar prices. Negotiate for a free appetizer and confirm the final cost before ordering.

Places to Eat & Drink

Restaurant Dardar. A rooftop eatery with panoramic views of the medina and its tan buildings. It has a hidden feel to it, nestled within a souk and only reachable by a dark-green tiled staircase. Come here for Moroccan wines and traditional dishes.

Zouhal Food. A street side restaurant in the medina offering vegetarian versions of traditional Moroccan dishes like tagines, pastilla and couscous. The flavors are savory, the prices are affordable and the service is excellent.

Cafe Arabe. A shaded rooftop terrace with a full bar. Come here to escape the mid-afternoon sun, sip on refreshing cocktails and enjoy picturesque views of Marrakech.

Le Jardin. A garden restaurant nestled within a lush courtyard. They serve a variety of contemporary Mediterranean and Moroccan dishes and cold pressed juices.

Cafe des Epices. A large cafe in the Places des Epices brewing spiced coffees and mint teas. Their ground floor patio spills into the plaza while their rooftop overlooks the chaotic souk below.

Sweet & Sook. A frozen sweets shop with Moroccan flavors of sorbet and ice cream. We visited twice, trying a scoop of everything on the menu! The orange cinnamon sorbet and the chebakia ice cream made with orange blossom, almond, honey, cinnamon and sesame were our favorites.

Khobs Bakery. A bakery specializing in the Moroccan bread, khobs. A baker invited us to watch as the team worked the dough, leavened the bread, loaded the oven and stacked bakes into baskets for delivery. Not officially named, use this Map Pin to find it.